What is spay/neuter (gonadectomy)?

Gonadectomy is the medical term for surgical removal of an animal's reproductive glands. The procedure has two distinct forms depending on sex: spaying in females and neutering in males. Both are permanent, irreversible surgeries commonly performed on dogs and cats in Denver area veterinary practices.

In females, spaying (ovariohysterectomy) involves removal of the ovaries and uterus through an abdominal incision. In males, neutering (orchiectomy) removes both testicles, typically through small incisions in the scrotum or lower abdomen. Both procedures require general anesthesia and post-operative recovery, usually lasting 10 to 14 days.

Veterinarians recommend gonadectomy for several reasons. The procedure eliminates the risk of ovarian and testicular cancers, removes the possibility of unwanted litters, and can reduce or prevent certain behavioral issues such as marking and roaming. In females, spaying before the first heat cycle significantly reduces the risk of mammary tumors. For many pet owners, gonadectomy also addresses population control concerns in companion animals.

The surgery is one of the most common procedures performed at veterinary surgical providers. Recovery involves limiting activity, keeping the incision clean and dry, and monitoring for infection or complications. Your veterinarian will provide specific post-operative care instructions and typically schedules a follow-up examination.